Targeted therapies of curcumin focus on its therapeutic benefits in cancers and human health: Molecular signaling pathway-based approaches and future perspectives
This review highlights the role of curcumin in human health and cancer.
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Study findings regarding the effects of curcumin on health and cancer are presented.
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This review demonstrates the role of curcumin in human health.
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If detected in the early stages, the disease and cancer can be treated.
Abstract
The curry powder spices turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), which contains curcumin (diferuloylmethane), an orange-yellow chemical. Polyphenols are the most commonly used sources of curcumin. It combats oxidative stress and inflammation in diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, and depression. Most of these benefits are due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Curcumin consumption leads to decreased bioavailability, resulting in limited absorption, quick metabolism, and quick excretion, which hinders health improvement. Numerous factors can increase its bioavailability. Piperine enhances bioavailability when combined with curcumin in a complex. When combined with other enhancing agents, curcumin has a wide spectrum of health benefits. This review evaluates the therapeutic potential of curcumin with a specific emphasis on its approach based on molecular signaling pathways. This study investigated its influence on the progression of cancer, inflammation, and many health-related mechanisms, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Curcumin has a significant potential for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Curcumin modulates several biochemical pathways and targets involved in cancer growth. Despite its limited tissue accumulation and bioavailability when administered orally, curcumin has proven useful. This review provides an in-depth analysis of curcumin's therapeutic applications, its molecular signaling pathway-based approach, and its potential for precision medicine in cancer and human health.
Graphical Abstract
Abbreviations
AAPH
azo-bis(2-amidino-propane) hydrochloride
AD
Alzheimer's disease
ADI
acceptable daily intake
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
BAI
beck anxiety inventory
BDI
beck depression inventory
CRC
colorectal cancer
CDDP
cisplatin diamine dichloro platinum
CNS
central nervous system
COX
cyclooxygenase
CVD
cardiovascular disease
DM
diabetes mellitus
DSS
dextran sulfate sodium
FDA
food and drug administration
FDAE
food and drug authority of Europe
FSH
follicle stimulating hormone
GRAS
generally recognized as safe
HDF
human dermal fibroblasts
HNSCC
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
iNOS
inducible nitric oxide synthase
JECFA
joint FAO/WHO expert committee on food additives
LPS
lipopolysaccharide
LOX
lipoxygenases
MAPKs
mitogen-activated protein kinases
NDs
neurological disorders
NLF
nasolabial fold
OS
oxidative stress
PG
prostaglandin
PPAR-γ
peroxisome proliferator associated receptor gamma
PKC
protein kinase C
ROS
reactive oxygen species
RNS
responsive neuro stimulation
SLF
superior longitudinal fasciculus
SOD
superoxide dismutase
THC
tetrahydrocannabinol
TNF
tumor necrosis factor
Keywords
Curcuma longa
Curcumin
Turmeric
Antioxidant
Anti-inflammatory
Medicine
Cancer
Data Availability
No data was used for the research described in the article.