Abstract:
Background: Adequate knowledge of root canal morphology and possible variations is essential to achieve perfect
root canal treatment and overcome treatment failure. Appropriate knowledge on root and canal morphology, communication, and documentation amongst dentists will be challenging from a diagnostic and successful treatment
point of view.
Methods: A total of 3420 samples were included in this study from 285 cone-beam computed tomography images
of the Saudi residents, including 171 males and 114 females aged 15 to 68 years from retrospective data dated from
January 2018 to April 2021. The images were examined in sagittal, axial and coronal views using a 3D version software
1.0.10.6388. The number of canal and canal morphology was recorded using Vertucci and the new classifcation system. The SPSS 26 was used to conduct the statistical analysis as descriptive statistics such as mean; standard deviation
and frequency were calculated. The Chi-square test analysed the data with the signifcance level set at 0.05.
Results: A total of 285 subjects participated in the study. Majority of the participants were Saudi nationals (80.7%),
followed by Indian (7.4%), Pakistani (4.2%) and other nationalities. According to Vertucci and the new classifcation
system, Type I and 1
TN1
were the most common types, followed by Type III and Type IV, and then 1
TN1-2-1 and 1
TN1-2
in mandibular anteriors. The prevalence of canal variations in mandibular canine was higher in females than in males
(P=0.002). Maxillary laterals and mandibular anteriors showed the signifcant diference in the prevalence of root
canal variation in relation to the ethnicity (P=0.001) and age of the patients. Younger patients showed more variations than the older patients (P=0.012, P=0.023, P=0.001, P=0.001) in terms of maxillary laterals, mandibular
central, laterals and canines, respectively
