Abstract:
Hyperglycemia caused by abnormalities in insulin secretion, action, or both characterises the group of metabolic illnesses known as diabetes mellitus, or DM. (Gavin III et al.,1997) The prevalence of DM has been progressively rising in the United States. Six percent of Americans, or 16 million people, are thought to have DM. Every year, about 800,000 new cases are diagnosed. Nearly 20% of adults over 65 years old have DM. The dental professional will be caring for more DM patients as a result of the ageing American population and improved diagnostic techniques. Due to this growing patient population, it is crucial for dentists to be aware of medical and dental management considerations. (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2011)
1.1. Etiologic Classification of DM
The following updated nomenclature and classification system was accepted by the American Diabetes Association's Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus in 1999. (Gavin III et al.,1997) It is based on disease aetiology rather than the particular type of medicine used to manage the disease.
