Abstract:
Background: An ongoing outbreak of monkey pox, a viral disease then commonly known
as “monkey pox”, was confirmed in May 2022. Some of the symptoms include a high
temperature, enlarged lymph nodes, and a rash that starts out as blisters before becoming
crusty. A more recent vaccine for smallpox and monkey pox that is based on modified
vaccinia Ankara has been given the green light for use, but there is only a limited supply
of it.
Objectives: The present article focuses on the death caused by monkey pox globally,
clinical characteristics of monkey pox, therapies for the management of monkey pox.
Method: A framework of research methodologies, as well as methods for gathering
and analyzing data, is provided by a methodological review. A search was done using
keywords such "Monkey pox and Smallpox," "therapies of monkey pox,” in online search
engines, academic bibliographic databases, PubMed, and Medline.
Results: In 2022, monkey pox spread widely, with most victims residing in Africa. The
incubation times for smallpox, monkey pox, and varicella are 7–17 days, 10–21 days, and
10–21 days, respectively. Smallpox, monkey pox, and varicella all cause rashes that last
14–28 days, 10–21 days, and 10–21 days, respectively. Smallpox and monkey pox
prodromal fevers reach fever levels of over 40°C, whereas varicella prodromal fever is
mild. Moreover, the varicella virus increases body temperatures to a maximum of 38.8°C,
which are often between 38.5°C and 40.5°C. According to a review study, the first antiviral
authorized for the treatment of smallpox in adults and pediatric patients weighing at least
3 kg is Tecovirimat (also known as TPOXX or ST-246), which is regarded as the preferred
treatment.
Conclusion: Monkey pox is a rare viral disease that mostly affects remote areas of Central
and West Africa. One technique of protection is avoiding contact with animals that might
be infected with the virus. There is a monkey pox vaccine, however it is mostly used in
clinical and laboratory settings and is not often available to the general public.
