Abstract:
Human mobility has become a global issue during the Covid-19
pandemic and is believed to be a critical factor in the transmission of Covid -19.
The timetable for the government's movement control has stimulated the
fluctuation of national mobility. However, the characteristics of variations
between regions of the country are not yet understood. The purpose of this study
was to characterise community mobility fluctuations in Indonesia and Malaysia
and identify the association between socioeconomic indicators and mobility
fluctuations in regions. This secondary and exploratory research investigated 34
Indonesian provinces and 14 Malaysian states. Data mining approaches using the
CRISP-DM framework and the Knime Analytics platform was used. As a result,
Indonesia and Malaysia show the strength of mobility fluctuations in decreasing
order: transit stations, workplaces, and residential areas. Malaysia shows higher
mobility fluctuations than Indonesia, which may indicate the community's
response to the Covid-19 pandemic. As socioeconomic indicators, Human
Development Index (HDI), poverty rate, and labor force participation are
associated with the fluctuation of mobility. Therefore, regions with high
fluctuation in mobility will likely have high HDI, high labour force participation
rates, and low poverty rates. High-mobility areas include capitals and other cities
with high-density populations. This study provides evidence that socioeconomic
indicators are determinants of mobility fluctuation during the pandemic. Regional
governments may use the findings to anticipate community mobility and planning
policies when similar pandemic conditions occur.
