Review and Analysis of Knowledge About Self-Medication Among Rural People in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Self-medication, the practice of treating minor health issues without consulting healthcare professionals, is common among rural populations in Bangladesh. Understanding the patterns and factors associated with self-medication is essential for developing targeted interventions and promoting safe healthcare practices. Methods: A survey was conducted among rural people in Bangladesh to gather information about self-medication practices. The survey questionnaire included questions about the participants' gender, age, occupation, education level, self-medication practices, reasons for self-medication, sources of medication information, awareness of risks, and perception of healthcare availability. A total of 200 participants were surveyed, and the data was analyzed to identify patterns and trends. The survey was conducted during the period from May 3, 2023 to June 3, 2023. Results: The survey revealed that self-medication is prevalent among rural individuals, with 77.5% of participants engaging in self-treatment for minor health issues. Headache (65%), fever (55%), and cough/cold symptoms (47.5%) were the most common health issues for which self-medication was practiced. Painkillers (70%) and cough and cold medicines (45%) were the most commonly used medications. Healthcare professionals (45%), family and friends (32.5%), and online sources (30%) were the main sources of medication information. The primary reasons for self-medication were the cost of healthcare services (60%) and lack of nearby healthcare facilities (35%). While 55% of participants were aware of the potential risks associated with self-medication, 15% had partial awareness, and 30% had no awareness. The perceived availability of healthcare services was rated as excellent (7.5%), good (30%), fair (47.5%), and poor (15%). Conclusion: Self-medication is prevalent among rural people in Bangladesh, influenced by cost, healthcare accessibility, and medication availability. Targeted education and interventions are needed to promote responsible self-medication practices. Enhancing healthcare accessibility and increasing awareness of self-medication risks are crucial. Policymakers and healthcare providers must take action to ensure safe and informed self-medication practices among rural populations in Bangladesh.