Abstract:
Diabetes is a persistent metabolic disorder characterized by heightened levels of blood glucose,
also referred to as blood sugar. This condition gradually results in significant harm to several
bodily systems, including the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. The prevailing
form of diabetes is type 2, typically observed in adults, wherein the body develops resistance
to insulin or fails to produce adequate amounts of insulin. Over the course of the last three
decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes across
countries with varying income levels. Type 1 diabetes, formerly referred to as juvenile diabetes
or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a persistent medical condition characterized by insufficient
endogenous insulin production in the pancreas. The availability of cost-effective therapy,
particularly insulin, is of utmost importance for individuals who are affected by diabetes in
order to ensure their continued existence. A universally accepted objective has been established
to cease the escalation of diabetes and obesity by the year 2025.
Diabetes affects around 422 million individuals globally, with a significant proportion residing
in low- and middle-income nations. Moreover, an estimated 1.5 million deaths annually can be
directly linked to diabetes. The incidence and prevalence of diabetes have exhibited a consistent
upward trend in recent decades.
