Abstract:
Agricultural sector accelerates a nation’s economic growth towards sustainable development. There exists a
significant relationship between agriculture and the environment. Sustainable agricultural development ensures
food quality and in tandem prevents natural calamities like drought. However, in order to fulfill the food demand
of a growing population, poor law quality and untenable agriculture practices arise, which in turn lead to
environmental degradation. The current study explores the relationship between the agro-economic atmosphere
and CO2 emissions as a measure of environmental degradation in Bangladesh between the years of 1985 and
2017. To exhibit the long-run relationship of agricultural ecology and carbon dioxide emissions, three cointegrated
equations- Fully-modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), Dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS), and
Canonical cointegrated regression (CCR) were assessed. For cointegration, Bayer-Hanck cointegration was
implied. In long-run estimates, it was found that livestock, rice area harvested, cereal production, and other crop
production impeded environmental dilapidation. The Granger Causality Test enabled unidirectional causality
towards burned biomass (crop residues), the agricultural economy, and carbon emissions. Therefore, this dimension’s
causality concluded that carbon dioxide emissions were caused by cereal production, other agricultural
production, and agricultural land production. The overall findings of this study could potentially assist the
Government of Bangladesh and the necessary authorities for implementing synchronized policies to help reduce
environmental pollution and set an example for other developing nations like Bangladesh.
