A survey on exploring socioeconomic factors and their impact on diarrhea management among children under 5 years at Mohammadpur maternity hospital and Suhrawardy medical college and hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Childhood diarrhea remains a significant public health concern in Bangladesh, necessitating a nuanced understanding of its management within the context of socioeconomic factors. This survey study, conducted at Mohammadpur Maternity Hospital and Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, aims to explore the impact of socioeconomic variables on the prevalence, healthcare-seeking behavior, and overall consequences of diarrhea among children under 5 years. Methods: From October 5, 2023, to December 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted, involving face-to-face viva interviews with 280 guardians of children seeking healthcare services. A structured questionnaire, prepared in Google Form, covered demographic details, socioeconomic factors, diarrhea prevalence, healthcare-seeking behavior, and the impact of diarrhea on various aspects of participants' lives. Results: Demographic analysis revealed a diverse participant pool, with parents comprising 75%, grandparents 18%, and other relatives 7%. The majority fell within the age group of 26-35 years (46%), and educational backgrounds varied, with 48% holding a university degree. Diarrhea prevalence in the past 6 months indicated occasional occurrences in 32%, frequent in 18%, and persistent in 7% of cases. Socioeconomic factors, including household income and sanitation facilities, exhibited wide variations among participants. Employment impact was reported by 43%, with missed workdays (21%) and loss of income (15%) being prominent. Financial burden was perceived as somewhat burdensome by 36%, while 11% had to borrow money for healthcare expenses. Education impact was noted in 21%, primarily through missed school days (11%). Social challenges were reported by 14%, with 29% acknowledging limited community discussions on diarrhea management. Overall, 43% perceived a decline in the quality of life due to diarrhea. Conclusion: This study underscores the intricate interplay between socioeconomic factors and childhood diarrhea management. The diverse impacts on employment, finances, education, and social dynamics emphasize the need for targeted interventions and community-based programs. These findings contribute valuable insights for public health practitioners and policymakers working towards improving child health outcomes in resource-limited settings like Bangladesh.