Prediction of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches: A Data Driven Study

Abstract

COVID-19 is generated by the SARS-CoV2 virus, which has caused an outbreak around the world. Since 2020, it has been labeled a pandemic. Due to the daily growth in the number of cases, this takes time for demonstrating the laboratory data, and as a result, treatment and resource limits have emerged. Because of such limitations the necessity for making decisions using clinical data with prognostic algorithms has emerged. Forecasting algorithms could positively relieve the pressure on healthcare systems by correctly identifying the disease. We employ the following machine learning models in this research: RF, SVM, hybrid RF-SVM and deep learning: ANN, CNN, LSTM, CNN-LSTM models and Laboratory data is being used to develop clinical forecasting models that will help medical professionals to figure out the patients that are most likely to develop COVID-19. Our models' prediction ability is measured using recall, F1-score, precision, accuracy and AUC scores. The models were verified using train test method and cross validation strategy. The assessment shows that most of our prediction models can reliably identify patients with COVID-19 disease, amidst the hybrid CNN-LSTM model outperforming the others with an accuracy of 89.5 percent,0.93 F1-score, 0.91 in precision,0.97 in recall, and AUC of 0.70, whereas among the machine learning models the hybrid ensemble outperforms other ML models with an accuracy of 92%. Predictive models obtained from laboratory findings have been found to be successful in predicting COVID-19 infection, which can help medical experts administer resources more effectively.