Nutritional Choices and Its Association with Behavioral Difficulties and Academic Performance among the High School Students in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: The present investigation aims to explore the intricate interplay between nutritional choices, behavioral difficulties, and academic performance within the context of high school students in Bangladesh. Recognizing the significant impact of nutrition on cognitive function and behavior, the research aims to uncover how dietary habits influence students' academic outcomes and mental health. Methods: This study conducted a quantitative cross-sectional survey to collect data from a sample of 400 high school students from four schools in Bangladesh. We utilized a semistructured questionnaire for data collection, followed by statistical analysis using techniques like PPS sampling and chi-square tests. The primary objective of this analysis was to ascertain potential correlations between nutritional choices, behavioral difficulties, and academic performance. Results: Demographics: The sample of participants consisted of 61.9% female students and 38.1% male students, with a predominant age range of 15–16 years. Parents with secondary or higher education accompanied the majority of rural-originated students. Nutritional Patterns: According to the study, a majority of students, 55.9%, made breakfast a regular part of their diet. Additionally, 52.5% of students regularly ate vegetables, and 35.8% ate fruits frequently. The consistent consumption of these food items exhibited a positive correlation with enhanced academic performance. On the other hand, a significant portion of students, 48.4%, frequently consumed sugary foods, and 28.7% regularly ate fast food. These habits were associated with an increase in behavioral difficulties. Mental Health: The survey findings revealed that 64.5% of the student population displayed normal levels of depression. Additionally, 31.6% of the participants reported experiencing mild depression, while 3.9% reported moderate depression. In terms of anxiety, 55.6% of the participants fell into the normal range; 17.0% experienced mild anxiety; 22.5% had moderate anxiety; and 5.0% had severe anxiety. The majority of students, 86.9%, reported normal stress levels. Behavioral Difficulties: The data revealed common patterns such as inconsistent exercise habits, varying sleep durations, and high levels of screen time. There exists a positive correlation between suboptimal dietary habits and elevated levels of anxiety and irritability. Academic Performance: The study found that students who maintained healthy food habits exhibited a positive correlation with their academic performance, as evidenced by their higher Page | xii ©Daffodil International University grade point average (GPA) scores. The present study revealed noteworthy correlations among family income, parental education, and students' dietary habits, which in turn exerted an influence on their academic outcomes. Conclusion: The current investigation emphasizes the importance of adopting nutritious dietary habits in order to improve academic achievement and address behavioral difficulties among high school students. Regular consumption of nutritious food and adequate rest are crucial elements in attaining optimal academic results. Research has demonstrated that the introduction of nutritional awareness programs and the encouragement of healthy dietary habits have yielded substantial enhancements in students' overall well-being, leading to improved academic performance