Abstract:
The study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), a medicinal herb traditionally known for its immunity-boosting properties. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of key bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, saponins, phenols, glycosides and flavonoids, which are associated with immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. Antioxidant analysis demonstrated notable free radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extract with an IC50 value of 17.33 µg/ml, compared to ascorbic acid with an IC50 of 9.11 µg/ml, suggesting that Ocimum sanctum can effectively counteract oxidative stress, supporting immune function. However, antimicrobial testing revealed limited inhibition against bacterial strains like E. coli and no substantial inhibition for Staphylococcus and Klebsiella, highlighting the need for further investigation to enhance its antibacterial efficacy. Overall, the findings support Ocimum sanctum as a valuable natural supplement for immunity enhancement, with its potent phytochemicals and antioxidant properties. Future research should focus on optimizing its formulation to enhance therapeutic potential.
