Exploring the natural compounds against dengue fever: a review

Abstract

Aedes mosquitoes are primary vectors of the reemergent (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). As a result, several recent investigations have been conducted to find antiviral compounds that might be used to treat DENV and CHIKV illnesses. In this study, we describe the advancements made in evaluating natural chemicals that specifically target the enzymes involved in viral replication. Dengue (DENV) is the most prevalent virus carried by mosquitoes worldwide. First, we evaluated the antiviral effectiveness of both natural and synthesized β-carbolines in preventing DENV-2 reproduction in cell cultures. It is determined that both the naturally occurring β carboline harmol and its synthetic equivalent, 9N-methylamine, suppress the development of DENV-2 while showing no virucidal properties. All DENV serotypes were shown to be inhibited by the active compounds, with DENV-2 being more susceptible to their antiviral actions. The mechanism of action of 9N-methylamine against DENV-2 was further studied. We found that the derivative did not affect the processes of adsorption-internalization or viral RNA synthesis.