Development of Chitosan-Sodium Alginate-Based Nano-Bio-Composite Films Incorporated with Olive Oil

Abstract

This research focuses on the creation of chitosan-sodium alginate-based nano-bio-composite films integrated with olive oil to overcome the current limitations in mechanical properties, biodegradability, and antimicrobial activity of bio-composite materials. Targeting applications like food packaging, these films leverage the biocompatible and biodegradable nature of chitosan and sodium alginate, with olive oil acting as a plasticizer to enhance flexibility, durability, and water barrier properties. The study aims to synthesize nano-bio-composite films to improve mechanical strength and examining the effects of olive oil on their flexibility, barrier properties, and antimicrobial activity. This innovation addresses the need for biodegradable materials with specific performance criteria, especially in sectors like food preservation, biomedical applications, and environmental sustainability. The comparative analysis of the two sample compositions reveals: The T-sample exhibited a tensile strength of 4.2 MPa and elongation at break of 16.2%, indicating a formulation that is stronger and more flexible. The O-Sample showed a tensile strength of 3.3 MPa and elongation at break of 13.1%, suggesting a compromise in mechanical properties due to the addition of sodium alginate and calcium chloride. The findings indicate that olive oil is an effective plasticizer for chitosansodium alginate-based nano-bio-composite films, significantly improving their performance. However, the addition of sodium alginate and calcium chloride in the O-sample compromises its mechanical properties, demonstrating the need for a balanced formulation. Further research on sodium-alginate based nano-bio-composite films incorporated with olive oil could delve into optimizing the formulation for its improved barrier properties and antimicrobial efficacy. Future studies should consider the impact of various olive oil concentrations on the physical and chemical characteristics of the films. Investigating the potential for incorporating natural antioxidants and antimicrobials from other sources could also enhance the films applicability in food preservation and medical fields. Additionally, life cycle assessments to evaluate the environmental sustainability of these films alongside consumer acceptance studies, would be essential for their successful market introduction and broader application.