‘Knowledge and Practices of Water Consumption and Associated Health Effects Among Pregnant Women in Savar:

Abstract

This study evaluates the nutritional status and dietary patterns of orphans residing in institutional care. The research was conducted across multiple orphanages, encompassing a total sample size of 325 children aged 11–16 years. The primary aim was to investigate healthrelated issues, dietary intake, and meal diversity among these vulnerable children. Anthropometric data, including height, weight, and BMI, were collected alongside detailed dietary surveys. A staggering 97.85% of the participants were categorized as underweight, with only 2.15% falling within the normal BMI range. Rice, lentils and Non Leafy vegetables were the predominant components of their meals, consumed daily ( 100% participants), while the inclusion of green leafy vegetables (19.1% weekly) and fruits (0% consumption) was alarmingly low.100% of orphans consumed fish and chicken weekly while 58.2% of orphans consumed beef weekly. The study highlighted critical gaps in micronutrient intake, with no participants reporting the consumption of milk, fruits, or dairy products. The reliance on costeffective staples like rice and lentils reflects regional dietary practices but underscores the urgent need for diversification to meet nutritional requirements. Gender and age-based analysis showed no significant association between gender and nutritional status but demonstrated a marked improvement in BMI among older participants (15–16 years). Educational attainment also correlated with better BMI outcomes, indicating that awareness and structured learning may influence dietary behaviors. This research underscores the pressing need for targeted nutritional interventions in orphanages, including the integration of fortified foods, increased funding for dietary improvements, and educational programs to raise awareness among caregivers and children. Addressing these issues is essential to improving the health and well-being of orphaned children in institutional care