Optimization of 5G Network Architecture for Enhancing Reliability and Low Latency: A Case Study on Somaliland.

Abstract

This research focuses on the optimization of 5G network architectures to enhance reliability and reduce latency, using Somaliland as a case study within a developing-country context. Employing OMNeT++ simulations supported by survey data, the study evaluates latency, throughput and bit error rates under different scenarios. The results demonstrate that advanced techniques such as edge computing, network slicing, renewable energy integration and traffic optimization significantly improve network performance. In addition, the research highlights non-technical barriers, including regulatory limitations, infrastructural challenges, and shortages of skilled professionals, which hinder sustainable 5G deployment. By integrating theoretical analysis, technical analysis and socio-economic perspectives this study provides academic contributions to the field of wireless communication and offers practical recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders seeking to advance 5G adoption in Somaliland and other similar regions.