Dyeing Of 100% Cotton Woven Fabric with Guava Leaf

Abstract

Guava leaves (Psidium guajava) have the potential to be used as a natural dye for 100% cotton woven fabrics. This study emphasizes environmentally friendly and sustainable textile production. Research on renewable and biodegradable natural sources has been prompted by the growing need for substitutes for synthetic colors because of their negative effects on the environment and human health. Given their high tannin content and widespread availability, guava leaves offer a promising option for natural dyeing. Several stages of the study were involved: guava leaf dye extraction, cotton fabric preparation, dye application with various mordants, and assessment of colorfastness and other performance characteristics. Aqueous techniques were used to extract the dye, guaranteeing a procedure that would not harm the environment. Before being dyed with mordants including alum, ferrous sulfate, and copper sulfate, the cotton fibers were pre-treated to improve color absorption. To achieve a variety of hues and enhance color fixing, mordants were applied. Depending on the mordant employed, guava leaf extract can yield a variety of hues, from delicate yellows to deep browns, according to experimental data. With minor differences depending on the type of mordant used, the dyed materials showed good colorfastness to light, rubbing, and washing. Ferrous sulfate produced deeper hues with improved fastness qualities, whilst alum produced brighter tones with moderate fastness. According to the study, using guava leaves—a waste product in many areas—as a dye source has both financial and environmental benefits. This strategy lessens reliance on artificial dyes, promotes the circular economy, and decreases environmental damage. In addition to acknowledging difficulties with scalability and standardization of natural dyeing methods, suggestions were made for further study on enhancing dye extraction effectiveness and expanding the spectrum of colors that may be achieved. To sum up, guava leaves offer a practical and environmentally friendly substitute for dying cotton textiles, promoting the development of eco- friendly textile techniques. This study highlights the value of combining ancient knowledge with contemporary textile innovation in addition to proving the usefulness of natural dyes.