Abstract:
Automatic dependent surveillance (ADS) is a surveillance technique in which aircraft automatically provide, via a data link, data from the on-board navigation and position fixing systems, including aircraft identification, four-dimensional position (latitude, longitude, altitude and time) and additional data as appropriate. The technique is termed “automatic” because there is no intervention from the pilot or interrogation from terrestrial stations, and “dependent” because the data is dependent upon on-board systems such as global positioning system (GPS) and altimeter.Different ADS system types have been standardised within the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), such as terrestrial ADS-broadcast (ADS-B) and ADS-contract (ADS-C)1.A description of ADS-C and its operation via mobile-satellite systems can be found in Report ITU-R M.2396-0 ‒ Use of mobile-satellite service systems for flight tracking. In addition, another system, “MSS satellite-retransmitted ADS-B”, is also described in that Report.
