Abstract:
Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs) are dense wireless networks of small, low-cost sensors, which collect and disseminate environmental data. WSNs facilitate monitoring and controlling of physical environments from remote locations with better accuracy. They have applications in a variety of fields such as environmental monitoring; military purposes and gathering sensing information in hospitable locations. Sensor nodes have various energy and computational constraints because of their inexpensive nature and ad hoc method of deployment, considerable research has been focused at overcoming these deficiencies through more energy efficient routing, localization algorithms and system design. The efficiency of sensor networks strongly depends on the routing protocol used. In this research, three different types of routing protocols are analyzed: LEACH, DD, and VGA. These routing protocols are implemented and simulated using Sensoria simulator. Several simulations are conducted to analyze the performance of different protocols including the power consumption, delay and throughput to measure the performance of the overall network. The simulation results, show that VGA technique has a better network lifetime performance than that of LEACH and DD as the percentage of energy consumption decreases while LEACH has a better network lifetime performance than that of VGA and DD as the percentage of energy consumption increases,. Furthermore, hence the result shows that DD has low performance compared to LEACH and VGA; this is because query is flooded throughout the network to draw data satisfying the query toward the requesting node.
