dc.description |
The Ready-Made Garments (RMG) industry conquers a unique position in the Bangladesh
economy. It is the largest exporting industry in Bangladesh, which experienced prodigious
growth during the last 25 years. Since the late 1970s, the RMG industry started developing in
Bangladesh primarily as an export-oriented industry although the international market for
RMG has been increasing fast due to increase in personal not reusable income and change in
life style. The sector rapidly attained high importance in terms of employment, foreign
argument earnings and its contribution to GDP. In 2006, the industry employed directly more
than 2.1 million workers, about 80% of whom were female. With the growth of RMG
industry, linkage industries providing fabrics, yarns, accessories, packaging materials, etc.
have also comprehensive. In addition, demand for services like transportation, banking,
shipping and coverage has increased. All these have formed additional employment. The total
indirect employment created by the RMG industry in Bangladesh is estimated to be some
250,000 workers. In 1983-84, RMG exports earned only $31.57 million, which was 3.89% of
the total export incomes of Bangladesh. Total Export Incomes from Textile & Garments was
about US$ 20.13 billion (during FY 2011-12) accounting for 78.60% input in the national
export earnings. This Sector provides employment to around 5 million (3.5 million in RMG
& 1.5 million in Primary Textile Sector) people, making it the major source of industrial
employment in Bangladesh.
Both external and internal factors contributed to the outstanding growth of RMG sector. One
external factor was the application of the GATT-approved Multi-fiber Organization (MFA)
which accelerated international relocation of garment production. Under MFA, large retailers
of RMG like USA and Canada imposed quota restrictions, which limited export of apparels
from countries like Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia,
Indonesia, Sri Lanka and India to USA and Canada. On the other hand, application of MFA
worked as a sanctification for Bangladesh. As a least established country, Bangladesh
received preferential management from the USA and European Union (EU). Primarily
Bangladesh was granted quota-free status. To maintain competitive edge in the world
markets, the traditionally large suppliers/producers of apparels followed an approach of
relocating RMG factories in countries, which were free from quota precincts and at the same
time had enough trainable low-priced labour. So RMG industry industrialized in Bangladesh.
But there are numerous weaknesses of the RMG industry of Bangladesh. Labour productivity
in the RMG sector of Bangladesh is lower than many of its challengers. Bangladeshi workers
are not as competent as those of Hong Kong, South Korea and some other countries and in
most factories, operational systems, expertise used are not the latest. So day by day RMG of
Bangladesh is facing cut throat co-operation and challenge in the global market. This is
because of reduction in buyer‟s price but demanding tinier Lead Times with good Quality,
and increase in manufacturing cost. In this vital moment factory management techniques of
yesterday must be replaced by more efficient methods that greatly minimize waste, reduce
costs, lead time and improve quality bringing in maximum value to customers. Lean
Manufacturing System doesn‟t tolerate any kind of waste such as overproduction, waiting,
WIP, processing waste, transportation, motion, making defective products, underutilized
people etc. Lean Manufacturing is a whole-systems policy that creates a culture in which
everyone in the organization continuously increases processes and production. So, we can say
Lean is the ultimate solution. |
en_US |
dc.description.abstract |
This project is the greatest important of any RMG industry. This paper represents the use of
various tools and techniques for taming apparel sewing section efficiency throughout the
production process. Now a day‟s apparel manufacturing industries are annoying to improve
their current production system and situation and continuously looking for new production
tools and techniques in order to keep quickness with the quick changes of trend in consumers
of apparel products. There is no doubt that sewing section in an apparel industry is the most
vital and teeming department that plays a vital role in the whole firm. In time study, Standard
Minute Value has been calculated for each process or work. Here, by applying these systems
significant progresses in the sewing section have been accomplished such as SMV, man
power, bottle neck, capacity achievable, production/hr, performance rating, balance % and
line efficiency.
1
st day when compare O.F 3rd and N.F 4th floor, O.F 3rd become high SMV and complex
process so production and efficiency% is low. O.F 3
rd production 7664 pcs and efficiency
38%. 6th day when compare N.F 4th, N.F 6th and O.F 4th, here every floor SMV is same. Here
SMV, production and efficiency% N.F 4th floor 11.67, 9750 pcs & 49%, N.F 6th 11.70, 10309
pcs & 51%, O.F 4th 11.40, 9435 pcs and 48%. If it should that here O.F 3rd SMV is low other
two floor. None the less due to various factor in this floor production efficiency is
comparatively low. Like- comparatively unskilled operator, improper line balancing, Delay
cutting output, High non- productive time, alter % high, Machine break down etc.
Initailly we know that if the SMV is low that‟s mean this process simply. So in this process
prodution and efficiency is high but some factors proved that my concept was wrong. By the
capasity study find out the bottle neck point, Accept to large quantity order, working sharing,
proper layout, line balancing to helps ahcieved production and efficiency. |
en_US |