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Wireless communication is rapidly growing part of the communication industry. It has become
user-friendly in our society and essential for our daily lives. It gives new sense of mobility to
us and revolutionized way to do almost everything with great pleasure. Microstrip patch
antennas (MPA) are widely used in ubiquitous industry and it has skimmed attention of the
researchers because of various properties like low profile, easy fabrication and integration with
circuits, easily mountable on vehicles etc. [9, 22]. These magnificent properties of MPA
contribute in the military applications such as missiles, space craft, aircraft and also in the
commercial areas such as cellular mobile communications, mobile satellite system and global
positioning system. The selection of proper antenna depends on the requirements of the
application such as cost, size, gain, bandwidth, efficiency, radiation pattern, frequency band
and coverage and it will reduce power consumption and improve transmission efficiency. Wi-
Fi is the fastest growing part in the modern wireless communication which gives the users the
mobility, freedom and flexibility to move around within a broad coverage area and still be
connected to the network [1]. Worldwide electromagnetic spectrum has been allocated for all
types of electromagnetic (EM) radiation based on EM wave wavelengths and frequencies
where antennas can operate according to the applications of wireless local area network
connections (WLAN), and satellite etc. The operating frequency selection for certain antennas
in part determines the material that can be used to produce the antenna. There are many
materials which is used in antenna such as RT duroid, Arlon Cu, ceramic, steel plate and new
artificial materials known as meta-materials has been introduced which exhibits unusual
properties that are not available in the nature. Antenna performance can be improved by
designing antenna with meta-materials. |
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