Abstract:
The pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is. The range of values is 0 to 14. 7
indicates neutral, below 7 indicates acidic, and over 7 indicates alkaline. Every chemical
reaction works best at a specific pH, or acidity level. pH has a great effect on the dyeing
process. The importance of pH control in textile wet processing cannot be overstated.
Every phase of textile wet processing, such as pre-treatment, dyeing, printing, and
finishing, is influenced by pH. The project has been done to find out the effects of pH
variation on different types of Polyester fabrics where we used the same brand and same
quantity of dyes and sold. Moreover, the ratio of water and fabric was similar for all of
those experiments. Here we maintained 3 different pH, those values are 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0.
For those experiments, we took 4 different types of fabrics and those are 1. Single Jersey
Fabric, 2. 1x1 Rib Fabric, 3. Fleece Fabric, 4. Terry Fabric. As those fabrics’ structures
are very rare for 100% polyester that’s why we took 65%/35% - PC (Polyester and Cotton
blended) fabric. Most importantly, we took 3 pieces of fabric sample for every single
fabric type. So that we can compare these after dyeing and easily make the variations
noticeable. Those fabrics had dyeing by maintaining proper time and temperature. After
dyeing, we have done different types of tested by following international rules to find out
the variations. We used Spectrophotometer for the CMC test and also tested different
types of colorfastness tests like Color Fastness to Rubbing, Color Fastness to Washing,
Color Fastness to Water, and Color Fastness to Perspiration for both Acid and Alkali
medium. After completing our project word we found out that a lot of changes can occur
for pH variation so it’s very important to maintain the pH level during the polyester fabric
dyeing process.
