Studies on the Effect of Dyeing Polyester Fabric With Disperse Dye

Abstract

The pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is. The range of values is 0 to 14. 7 indicates neutral, below 7 indicates acidic, and over 7 indicates alkaline. Every chemical reaction works best at a specific pH, or acidity level. pH has a great effect on the dyeing process. The importance of pH control in textile wet processing cannot be overstated. Every phase of textile wet processing, such as pre-treatment, dyeing, printing, and finishing, is influenced by pH. The project has been done to find out the effects of pH variation on different types of Polyester fabrics where we used the same brand and same quantity of dyes and sold. Moreover, the ratio of water and fabric was similar for all of those experiments. Here we maintained 3 different pH, those values are 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0. For those experiments, we took 4 different types of fabrics and those are 1. Single Jersey Fabric, 2. 1x1 Rib Fabric, 3. Fleece Fabric, 4. Terry Fabric. As those fabrics’ structures are very rare for 100% polyester that’s why we took 65%/35% - PC (Polyester and Cotton blended) fabric. Most importantly, we took 3 pieces of fabric sample for every single fabric type. So that we can compare these after dyeing and easily make the variations noticeable. Those fabrics had dyeing by maintaining proper time and temperature. After dyeing, we have done different types of tested by following international rules to find out the variations. We used Spectrophotometer for the CMC test and also tested different types of colorfastness tests like Color Fastness to Rubbing, Color Fastness to Washing, Color Fastness to Water, and Color Fastness to Perspiration for both Acid and Alkali medium. After completing our project word we found out that a lot of changes can occur for pH variation so it’s very important to maintain the pH level during the polyester fabric dyeing process.