Gene Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)

Abstract

The autoimmune disease known as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) causes an insulin deficit and consequent hyperglycemia by targeting and destroying the body's own insulin-secreting islet cell. Without insulin, these people will eventually go into diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a potentially fatal condition. One of the emerging treatment options for treating T1DM is gene therapy. Insulin injections has been the sole therapeutic option for all type I diabetics for over eighty years. The usual treatment of type 1 diabetes is fraught with difficulties. Although whole-pancreas transplantation has been effective for some individuals, the procedure is technically challenging and has a high risk of complications. Research into diabetes has so focused heavily on finding ways to produce an endless supply of cells with glucose-responsive insulin secretion. This analysis focuses on the current state and prospective future of gene therapy in the management of T1DM. In this article, the potential of gene therapy for replacing beta cells is discussed. New findings in beta cell development and growth as well as gene delivery to beta cells, will be addressed. Implementing gene therapy for T1DM, selecting suitable vector, Potential therapeutic and preventative T1DM strategy for eliminate the need for daily insulin shots.