Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Neurodegenerative Disease: A Review

Abstract

Indeed, COVID-19 affects many organs and systems and presents a diverse clinical picture. COVID-19 affects the brain in a number of ways, including direct infection of neurons by SARS-CoV-2, severe systemic inflammation that afflicts the brain with inflammatory agents thereby damaging cells neuroblastoma, ischemia, global encephalopathy associated with respiratory failure, thromboembolism. Cerebrovascular accident is associated with increased intravascular coagulation and severe psychological stress. Typically, COVID-19 presents with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms including dizziness, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, delirium, hallucinations, and depression. All of these lead to nerve tissue damage that can dramatically increase the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and promote dementia. SARS-CoV-2 infection of the central nervous system can present neurologically in a variety of ways, resulting in postinfectious or postinfectious symptoms. The 2019 coronavirus pandemic, brought on by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, is currently affecting the entire world. SARS-CoV-2 is frequently linked to higher mortality in people with neurological disorders, a concern associated with aging societies. In addition to the harmful effects of infection on people with neurodegenerative disorders, the pandemic's indirect effects, such as restricted access to care facilities and therapies, also have a negative impact on the progression of these long-term conditions. Hundreds of millions of old individuals worldwide suffer from neurodegenerative illnesses, a group of neurological conditions that are incurable and frequently call for long-term care due to the loss of myelin and/or the neuronal sheath. One of the demographics most at risk from the COVID-19 epidemic is seniors. In this research, we analyzed the present status of COVID-19 in patients with a variety of neurodegenerative illnesses, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and prion disease. Additionally, a summary of the probable roles that SARS-CoV-2 infection may have in the development of neurological illnesses is also available. The persistence of neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection points to a persistent CNS effect. It is yet unknown if SARS-CoV-2 infection is enough to cause neurodegenerative disease, despite the fact that SARS-CoV-2 is known to damage neuronal populations involved in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. illustrating how SARS-effects CoV-2's on neurodegeneration, we provide a brief overview of current knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 neuropathy and discuss the questions open in this area.