"Nano-Particle Approaches for the Treatment in Atherosclerosis

Abstract

One of the key factors of atherogenesis is chronic inflammation. Traditional atherosclerosis treatments are not particularly effective at reducing inflammation caused by atherosclerosis. The majority of these medications are non-selective, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive, which restricts their systemic administration. They also have negative side effects and very little antiatherosclerotic activity. To selectively administer therapeutic medicines to atherosclerotic plaques, new methods utilizing nanoparticles have been researched. Although appealing, the utilization of drug delivery technologies such polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and carbon nanotubes has several drawbacks. For instance, depending on the pathophysiological processes of the illnesses, nanoparticles may change the drug's kinetics. Pathophysiological updates supporting the use of nanoparticles in many experimental models to lower inflammation and maybe stop atherogenesis. High-quality atherosclerotic plaque viewing is made possible by non-invasive molecular imaging technology. Selective nanotechnology imaging techniques can identify the distinct epitopes produced on the macrophage surfaces. Selected nanoparticles were developed to enhance the transport of image processing agents to proinflammatory macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, enhancing imaging contrast. In MRI iron-oxide and Gd-containing nanoparticles provide high resulation imaging. Macrophages(53%) are mostly targeted in atherosclerosis therapy on the other hands lipidbased( 28%) nanoparticles are mostly used.