Algae-Based Biofuel Prospective in Bangladesh

Abstract

Coal, natural gas, and petroleum all contribute to meeting the world's energy needs today, even though oil prices are soaring. Additionally, global geopolitical unrest may raise it, and demand is also expected to rise. Energy crises and environmental degradation are two serious new issues that the world is currently facing. A global recession is inevitable if this keeps on, and there is little doubt that the depletion of global reserves will quicken. The globe produces more fuels and energy, which has an adverse effect on the environment. As a result, several studies have been conducted to identify an alternative source of energy that is both environmentally beneficial and technically practical. Recently, it has been discovered that biodiesel is a more environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and energy-efficient technology that is also biodegradable. The primary sources of biodiesel are about 350 oil-bearing plants, namely rapeseed, soybean, jatropha, sunflower, linseed, and coconut. These edible material sources, however, are impractical in situations when demand is significantly more than supply. However, many recently developed nations like China, Malaysia, and India are accepting this technology in production and export. Non-edible materials like algae are acceptable sources of biodiesel not just in research but also in many of these nations' recent development. This study gives a general overview of the production of algae biodiesel in Bangladesh, where the cost of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas) is rising daily, and the country must make a time-consuming decision to use biodiesel as a substitute to maintain a clean environment. The analysis is done on both mechanical and chemical processes used to make biodiesel. Microalgae energy basic research in China has a solid technical and technological foundation. Algae biodiesel was predicted to become China's largest source of energy within a few years based on several initiatives that began in 2005. Malaysia's national biofuel strategy aims to boost productivity and maximize profits in the market for second-generation biofuels like biodiesel made from algae. In India, they began with biodiesel made from jatropha before conducting thorough research to determine whether algae that produce hydrocarbons are to blame for the presence of hydrocarbons in the water. Government must play a significant role in promoting the growth of the biofuels industry in Bangladesh by adapting technologies to local needs, which raises questions about technology transfer. For Bangladesh to achieve sustainable growth and environmental preservation, improved biodiesel manufacturing methods are essential.